One of the most frequently asked questions we get at Pennwood Cabins is, "What kind of foundation do I need for my cabin?" There is no "one best" answer for the right log cabin foundation. Financial constraints, climate, soil conditions, water table levels and individual needs all come into play when deciding which is the best fit for your cabin. While there are other options, the three most popular foundations are the basement, crawl space and slab.
Basements
Basement foundations are best suited for the dry, cold climates of the Northeastern states. The damp soil of swampy terrain or wetlands are not ideal landscapes. Frostlines in your area will determine how deep you will need to dig your basement, since building codes mandate that basements be dug below the frostline.
Basements are the most expensive of the foundation options, but perhaps give the greatest return on investment. They provide safety in storms and add living or storage space.
Beware of hidden costs that can come with basements. As basements age, they can sink and crack. Waterproofing or sump pumps can be unexpected expenses if leakage becomes a problem.
Approximate Cost: $10 - 25 per sq. foot unfinished
Crawl Space
Crawl Space foundations are raised 2 to 3 feet above ground, can proved small storage space, and can be energy efficient options when the floor is insulated. Geography with red clay, low-level flooding or steep inclines are not optimal terrains for crawl spaces.
Crawl spaces are more affordable than basements but may require more attention to insulation of pipes in colder climates to keep water from freezing and breaking them. Watch out for ventilation issues which can lead to mildew or mold issues. Uninsulated floors will lead to heat loss.
Hidden costs of crawl space foundations are: insulation, vapor barriers, dehumidifiers and pest control.
Approximate cost: $5 - 16 per sq. foot, vapor barrier costs, and insulation costs
Slab Foundations
Slab foundations are the most cost efficient of the three foundation types, and perhaps the most versatile and easy to maintain. They are quick and easy to build, energy efficient and durable. Your climate, soil and water table can determine exactly what type of slab foundation is best for your cabin. It's important to consult with contractors in your area to identify the best design for longevity.
Monolithic (Slab on Grade) Foundation: a conventional slab consisting of a thick single layer of concrete that serves as the floor and foundation of the home.
T-shaped Slab: incorporates the use of T-shaped feet embedded into the ground before pouring the concrete to help protect it from freezing temperatures.
Post-tensioned Slab: incorporates steel cables embedded within the concrete to create compression to mitigate moving soil and the cracking of the foundation.
There are a few hidden costs that can arise with slab foundations. Although they are moisture resistant, poor soil drainage, extreme cold or too high a water table can cause cracking, moisture or mold and mildew issues. Additionally, when water, plumbing lines are gas pipes are embedded in the slab, they can be very costly and messy to repair or upgrade.
Approximate cost: $4 per square foot
Before you make the final choice on the foundation you purchase for your cabin, be sure to identify the climate, soil and water table levels in your area. Seek local professional advice on the pros and cons of each foundation for homes in your neighborhood.